Cars That Get Good Gas Mileage, Break Down Less and Good Family Cars

Since 1992, European Union regulations have been imposed on new cars, with the aim of improving air quality - meaning a car has to meet a certain Euro emissions standard when it is fabricated.

Whether your car is a Euro 6 diesel fuel or a Euro 1 petrol, knowing your motorcar'due south rating is now more important than ever, given the increasing number of levies and fines being introduced for older cars, particularly diesels.

Read on to find out what Euro rating your car is and if you lot volition be afflicted by existing and future charges.

Bound to

What are the Euro emissions standards?
Why exercise we accept Euro emissions standards?
Euro emissions standard checker
Clean Air Zone vehicle checker
Why do I need to know my car'due south Euro emission standard, will I face charges?
What is the emissions standard for the London ULEZ?
What is the emissions standard for France?
Euro 6 and Euro 6 diesel
Euro 5
Euro 4
Euro 3
Euro 2
Euro 1
What'due south side by side for Euro emissions standards?
Euro seven and Euro 7 diesel
Will Brexit affect Euro emissions standards?
Does my machine'due south Euro standard affect my MOT?
Motorbike Euro emission standards

What are the European 'Euro' emissions standards?

Although emissions regulations date back to 1970, the first Eu-wide standard – known as Euro 1 – wasn't introduced until 1992, which saw catalytic converters became compulsory on new cars, effectively standardising fuel injection.

Since then, there have been a series of Euro emissions standards, leading to the current Euro 6, introduced in September 2014 for new type approvals and rolled out for the bulk of vehicle sales and registrations in September 2015.

The regulations, which are designed to become more than stringent over time, ascertain acceptable limits for frazzle emissions of new light duty vehicles sold in EU and EEA (European Economic Area) fellow member states.

Why exercise we have Euro emissions standards?

Euro emissions standards explained

The EU has said that "the air pollutant emissions from transport are a pregnant contribution to the overall state of air quality in Europe", with industry and ability generation beingness the other major sources.

The aim of Euro emissions standards is to reduce the levels of harmful exhaust emissions, importantly:

Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Hydrocarbons (HC)
Particulate affair (PM)

These standards are having a positive effect, with the SMMT (Lodge of Motor Manufacturers and Traders), challenge: "It would take fifty new cars today to produce the aforementioned amount of pollutant emissions as 1 vehicle built in the 1970s."

In 2017, the SMMT quoted the following figures in back up:

Carbon monoxide (CO): petrol down 63%, diesel fuel down 82% since 1993
Hydrocarbons (HC): petrol downward 50% since 2001
Nitrogen oxide (NOx): downwards 84% since 2001
Particulate matter (PM): diesel down 96% since 1993

Because petrol and diesel engines produce different types of emissions they are subject to different standards. Diesel, for example, produces more particulate matter – or soot – leading to the introduction of diesel particulate filters (DPFs).

The European union has pointed out, however, that NOx emissions from route ship "have non been reduced every bit much as expected…because emissions in 'existent-world' driving conditions are often college than those measured during the approval exam (in detail for diesel fuel vehicles)".

According to Department for Business organisation, Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS) stats from 2018, transport still accounted for 33% of all carbon dioxide emissions, with most of this coming from route transport.

However, BEIS estimates current emissions from route transport accept fallen back by around viii.5% over the final decade to levels last seen in 1990, having previously peaked in 2007.

Euro emissions standard checker

The table below is reproduced from the standards set out past the European Commission and acts as a guide to testify how the different Euro emissions categories are applied to new vehicle models approved after a specific date.

Every auto sold up to a year afterward the dates below should accommodate to the advisable standards, but bank check with your manufacturer directly as some cars bought after the implementation appointment may still take the previous Euro standard.

If your vehicle is older than whatever dates listed below, information technology won't have a Euro emissions standard, pregnant you may exist banned entirely from inbound some towns and cities at certain times.

My car newly registered from:	Emissions standard
31 December 1992	Euro i
1 January 1997	Euro 2
1 Jan 2001	Euro 3
1 Jan 2006	Euro iv
1 Jan 2011	Euro 5
1 September 2015 - simply see important note below	Euro 6

Of import note: as the Jaguar website helpfully explains, 'individual vehicles already on sale that were built by, and dispatched from, the manufacturer earlier 1st June 2015 can continue to be sold until 1st September 2016'. This in effect means that a machine sold before 1st September 2016 may nevertheless have a Euro 5 engine. Cheque with the manufacturer to be certain.

An in-depth guide to Euro 6 diesels
Petrol or diesel? Facts and quiz to assist you cull
The real facts on 'dirty' diesels

Clean Air Zone vehicle checker

The Government'southward Joint Air Quality Unit of measurement take an online vehicle checker to help drivers prepare for Make clean Air Zones.

Only enter your vehicle's registration number and this free tool will tell you if there will be a daily charge to drive your vehicle in a specific Make clean Air Zone. More cities will be added as final plans become approved.

To bank check whether y'all'll be charged for driving in the London ULEZ or LEZ, use the TfL vehicle checker instead.

Why practise I need to know my car's Euro emission standard?

In 2018, the government announced its new strategy – called the Road to Cipher – to support the transition to nada emission route transport, which includes a ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel fuel cars past 2040 and a complete ban by 2050.

As role of this, some authorities beyond the UK are considering implementing low-emission zones, post-obit the example of London, which increased emissions restrictions by establishing the Ultra-Depression Emission Zone (ULEZ) in Apr 2019.

What is the emissions standard for the London ULEZ?

London'south ULEZ restricts vehicles based on their Euro emissions standards, with those that practice not meet the standard required to pay a toll.

Every bit of July 2019, the minimum emissions standards are Euro 4 for petrol vehicles and Euro 6 for diesels. The daily ULEZ charge is £12.50, although annual discounts are available.

For more information on what ULEZ charges your vehicle volition confront, see Ship for London's guide.

The Expanded Ultra-Low Emissions Zone: What you need to know
Clean Air Zones – what are they and where are they?
Crit'Air clean air stickers - demand to know for driving in France

What is the emissions standard for France?

Knowing your car's emissions standard is fifty-fifty more of import if yous're planning on driving across Europe. Several cities and regions across Europe accept low-emission zones, and these zones apply Euro standards to regulate them.

In France, these regulations are called the Crit'Air system, a multi-category system that sees vehicles defined past their emissions through a coloured, numbered sticker on their windscreen.

Cities, including Paris, have a permanent low-emission zone in identify which restricts entry of the nigh polluting vehicles during certain times through the calendar week.

Other areas have emergency zones in place, which run into temporary restrictions introduced when air pollution is dangerously loftier. Entry is then based on the Crit'Air number displayed on each vehicle.

For more information, read our guide to Crit'Air stickers.

Euro 6 and Euro vi diesel

Implementation engagement (new approvals): i September 2014

Implementation date (nigh new registrations - meet important point beneath table in a higher place): 1 September 2015

The sixth and electric current incarnation of the Euro emissions standard was introduced on most new registrations in September 2015. For diesels, the permitted level of NOx has been slashed from 0.18g/km in Euro v to 0.08g/km.

A focus on diesel NOx was the directly outcome of studies connecting these emissions with respiratory bug.

To meet the new targets, some carmakers have introduced Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), in which a liquid-reductant agent is injected through a goad into the frazzle of a diesel vehicle. A chemic reaction converts the nitrogen oxide into harmless h2o and nitrogen, which are expelled through the exhaust pipe.

The alternative method of meeting Euro 6 standards is Frazzle Gas Recirculation (EGR). A portion of the exhaust gas is mixed with intake air to lower the burning temperature. The vehicle'due south ECU controls the EGR in accordance with the engine load or speed.

Euro vi emissions standards (petrol)

CO: one.0g/km
THC: 0.10g/km
NMHC: 0.068g/km
NOx: 0.06g/km
PM: 0.005g/km (straight injection only)
PN [#/km]: 6.0x10 ^11/km (directly injection only)

Euro 6 emissions standards (diesel fuel)

CO: 0.50g/km
HC + NOx: 0.17g/km
NOx: 0.08g/km
PM: 0.005g/km
PN [#/km]: 6.0x10 ^11/km

Euro 5

Implementation date (new approvals):1 September 2009

Implementation appointment (all new registrations):1 January 2011

The big news for Euro 5 was the introduction of particulate filters (DPFs) for diesel fuel vehicles, forth with lower limits across the board. For type approvals from September 2011 and new cars from January 2013, diesel vehicles were discipline to a new limit on particulate numbers. DPFs capture 99% of all particulate matter and are fitted to every new diesel car. Cars meeting Euro 5 standards emit the equivalent of one grain of sand per kilometre driven.

Euro 5 emissions standards (petrol)

CO: 1.0g/km
THC: 0.10g/km
NMHC: 0.068g/km
NOx: 0.06g/km
PM: 0.005g/km (direct injection only)

Euro v emissions standards (diesel fuel)

CO: 0.50g/km
HC + NOx: 0.23g/km
NOx: 0.18g/km
PM: 0.005g/km
PN [#/km]: vi.0x10 ^11/km

Euro iv (EC2005)

Implementation appointment (new approvals): 1 Jan 2005

Implementation date (all new registrations): i January 2006

Euro 4 emissions standards (petrol)

CO: ane.0g/km
THC: 0.10g/km
NOx: 0.08g/km

Euro 4 emissions standards (diesel fuel)

CO: 0.50g/km
HC + NOx: 0.30g/km
NOx: 0.25g/km
PM: 0.025g/km

Euro 3 (EC2000)

Implementation date (new approvals):1 January 2000

Implementation date (all new registrations):i January 2001

Euro 3 split the hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxide limits for petrol and diesel fuel engines, as well as adding a dissever nitrogen oxide limit for diesel vehicles. The warm-upwardly period was removed from the exam procedure.

Euro 3 emissions standards (petrol)

CO: two.3g/km
THC: 0.20g/km
NOx: 0.15g/km

Euro 3 emissions standards (diesel)

CO: 0.66g/km
HC + NOx: 0.56g/km
NOx: 0.50g/km
PM: 0.05g/km

Euro 2 (EC96)

Implementation date (new approvals):1 January 1996

Implementation date (all new registrations): 1 January 1997

Euro 2 reduced the limits for carbon monoxide and the combined limit for unburned hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxide, likewise every bit introducing different levels for petrol and diesel engines.

Euro ii emissions standards (petrol)

CO: 2.2g/km
HC + NOx: 0.5g/km

Euro 2 emissions standards (diesel)

CO: 1.0g/km
HC + NOx: 0.7g/km
PM: 0.08g/km

Euro 1 (EC93)

Implementation date (new approvals):1 July 1992

Implementation engagement (all new registrations):31 December 1992

The start Europe-wide euro emissions standards were introduced in July 1992 and the regulations weren't anywhere nearly equally stringent as they are today.

That said, the fitment of catalytic converters became compulsory on all new cars, and Euro i required the switch to unleaded petrol. Back then, just hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxide were tested, along with particulate matter in the instance of diesel engines.

Over the years, the regulations take get stricter and the limits lowered.

Euro ane emissions standards (petrol)

CO: 2.72g/km
HC + NOx: 0.97g/km

Euro i emissions standards (diesel)

CO: ii.72g/km
HC + NOx: 0.97g/km
PM: 0.14g/km

What'due south next for Euro emissions standards?

While Euro standards take ensured a reduction in vehicle emissions, the so-called 'dieselgate' scandal highlighted that in that location's still work to be washed, non to the lowest degree because carmakers felt the demand to 'crook' to meet the stringent standards.

In 2017, the EU introduced a 'Existent Driving Emissions' (RDE) test. It's hoped this volition better reflect actual emissions on the route, reducing the discrepancy between real-earth emissions and those measured in a laboratory.

Go along upwards to date with the latest air quality news
What does Euro vi diesel fuel mean for you and your vehicle?
What to practise after putting the wrong fuel in your auto

Euro 7 and Euro 7 diesel – when will it exist introduced?

In add-on to these new tests, it'southward been widely believed within the motoring world that the EU is planning to innovate a new Euro 7 emissions standard in the coming years.

However, in Apr 2019 the European Parliament and Council adopted new regulations setting CO2 emission performance standards for new rider cars and vans which will start applying from i January 2020.

Unlike the previous Euro emissions standards, this regulation focuses solely on carbon emissions of new cars and vans, and includes a mechanism to incentivise the uptake of cypher-emission vehicles.

It remains to be seen if, and when, the EU will implement a Euro 7 emissions standard with the same requirements as previous standards alongside this new regulation.

Volition Brexit affect Euro emissions standards?

Although the UK is negotiating its get out from the European Union, the emissions standards are expected to remain unchanged to ensure a common standard across the continent.

Does my car's Euro standard affect my MOT?

Following the introduction of new rules in May 2018, the MOT exam now includes stricter requirements surrounding emissions.

Whatever car that has been fitted with a diesel particulate filter (DPF) (a requirement for all Euro 5 and half-dozen diesels) that gives out "visible smoke of any colour" during testing volition go a major fault – an automatic fail.

It will also fail if the MOT tester finds testify that the DPF has been tampered with. Read more on the new MOT rules.

Motorbike Euro emission standards

Motorbike Euro emissions standards

The Euro emissions standards for motorbikes are slightly dissimilar from cars, with fewer new standards having been introduced over the years (due to motorbikes emitting less emissions than cars and other larger vehicles practise).

Currently new motorbikes are regulated at a Euro four standard with Euro 5 due to be introduced in January 2020.

The implementation of emission standards for motorbikes is also a piddling more than complicated than the standards for cars.

Motorbike emission regulations for Euro one to iii

Emissions standard	Class	Type approval engagement	Commencement registration dates
Euro 1	Mopeds, motorcycles and tricycles	17 June 1999
Euro two	Mopeds	17 June 2002
Euro 2	Three-wheelers	1 January 2003	1 July 2004
Euro two	Motorcycles	1 April 2004	i July 2005
Euro iii	Motorcycles	1 January 2006	i July 2007

Motorbike emission regulations for Euro 4 and 5

Standard	Class	New types of vehicles enforcement dates	Existing types of vehicles enforcement dates	Concluding engagement of registration enforcement dates
Euro iv	Powered cycle, two-wheel moped, three-wheel moped, light on-route quad, light quadrimobile	1 January 2017	1 Jan 2018	31 December 2020
Euro 4	Two-bicycle motorcycle w/ & w/o sidecar, tricycle, heavy on-road quad, commercial tricycle, heavy all terrain quad, heavy quadrimobile	one January 2016	ane January 2017	31 December 2020
Euro 5	All classes	i January 2020	1 January 2021	-

Euro emissions often asked questions

What does Euro 5 emissions mean?

Since 1992, new cars in the EU have been categorised by the emissions they produce, starting with Euro i all the way up to the electric current category, Euro 6.

Euro 5 emissions standard became a requirement for all new approvals from 1 September 2009 and all new registrations from 1 January 2011, and comes with certain restrictions. For example, Euro 5 petrol cars are currently able to enter the London ULEZ (as of July 2019), but Euro five diesels will be subject to charges.
What is a Euro 4 engine?

Since 1992, new cars in the Eu take been categorised by the emissions they produce, starting with Euro 1 all the way up to the current category, Euro 6.

Euro 4 emissions standard became a requirement for all new approvals from one Jan 2005 and all new registrations from 1 January 2006, and an engine registered as Euro 4 comes with certain restrictions. For case, Euro iv petrol cars are currently able to enter the London ULEZ (as of July 2019), but Euro iv diesels volition be field of study to charges.
Is my car Euro six?

The implementation date for Euro 6 was September 2014 (new approvals) and September 2015 (most new registrations), so if your auto was registered after this appointment it's likely it's Euro six.

Withal, there are some discrepancies in terms of dates around the implementation engagement, which could mean your car is actually Euro 5, and so check with your manufacturer to be sure.
Will Euro half-dozen diesels be banned?

Currently, this largely depends on local and city regime. Following a ruling by European judges in December 2018, authorities are able to ban the "cleaner" Euro 6 diesel vehicles from entering their cities, including Madrid, Paris and Brussels.

In that location are currently no plans to ban Euro half dozen diesels from any United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland towns and cities, although this may change in the futurity.
How can I reduce my emissions?

If you're looking to practise your bit for the environment, in that location are a number of ways you can reduce your emissions, from irresolute the fuel yous utilize to just leaving the car at home once in a while. For more data, read our guide to cutting your emissions.
How long will Euro 6 last?

There are currently no plans announced to replace Euro 6 with a more than stringent Euro seven category of emissions standards. Still, in April 2019 the European Parliament and Council adopted new regulations setting CO2 emission functioning standards for new passenger cars and vans, which volition start applying from 1 January 2020.
Volition there be a Euro 7?

That remains to be seen. It's possible the EU will seek to introduce a new standard for all new car emissions in add-on to the new regulations on CO2 emission performance standards, although there are currently no plans in place to do this.
Does Euro four accept DPF?

Diesel particle filters (DPFs) accept been fitted as standard on all Euro 5 vehicles, which were introduced in 2010. All the same, before this, DPFs were as well fitted on some Euro 4 vehicles as well, and so cheque with your manufacturer if you're unsure if your vehicle has one.

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Source: https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/advice/emissions/euro-emissions-standards/